Why does my head hurt when I cough? Experiencing head pain when coughing can be attributed to several factors. One common cause is increased pressure in the head due to the forceful nature of coughing. This pressure can trigger headaches or exacerbate existing ones. Additionally, coughing can strain muscles in the head and neck, leading to discomfort. However, if head pain persists or worsens, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional to rule out underlying medical conditions.